Arrests

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Requires the peace officer, prior to incarceration, to allow inspection of the warrant by the suspect. States, as a standard for execution of an arrest, that peace officers shall use only such reasonable and necessary force as is needed to apprehend the suspect under the circumstances involving the contact with the suspect. States that, in addition to any cause of action for a violation of civil rights that could be brought under federal law, a person who is arrested by a peace officer based upon an invalid arrest warrant or any person who is detained by a peace officer arresting another person based upon an invalid arrest warrant or a person against whom unreasonable and unnecessary force was used in an arrest has a right of action against the peace officer and the public entity for whom the peace officer was acting. </B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Limits the damages recoverable to the same limits as set under the "Colorado Governmental Immunity Act". Waives sovereign immunity under the "Colorado Governmental Immunity Act" for actions of a peace officer in carrying out an arrest warrant, if such peace officer executes an arrest warrant that is invalid and not in his or her possession, or in using unreasonable and unnecessary force in apprehending and arresting a suspect or in detaining another person during an arrest. </B></div> <div> <B>(Note: Capital letters indicate new material to be added to existing statute. Words or phrases within brackets (<>) indicate deletions from existing statute.)</B></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B>Introduced Text of SB 117 January 20, 1996 </B></div> <div> <B>CONCERNING STANDARDS FOR THE EXECUTION OF ARRESTS. </B></div> <div> <B>Senate Bill 96-117 </B></div> <div> <B>1 Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Colorado: </B></div> <div> <B>2 SECTION 1. Legislative declaration. The general assembly </B></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B>(Page break in original) Page 2 </B></div> <div> <B>1 hereby finds that law enforcement officials have the </B></div> <div> <B>2 responsibility to enforce the laws of this state in a manner </B></div> <div> <B>3 that protects the rights of individual citizens and that </B></div> <div> <B>4 respects the state and United States constitutions. The general </B></div> <div> <B>5 assembly states that the purpose of enacting this act is not to </B></div> <div> <B>6 infringe on the ability of law enforcement officers to apprehend </B></div> <div> <B>7 and arrest persons suspected of criminal activity but rather to </B></div> <div> <B>8 make sure that reasonable procedures are followed to safeguard </B></div> <div> <B>9 individuals' constitutional rights and that a method is created </B></div> <div> <B>10 to allow private citizens the opportunity for legal recourse if </B></div> <div> <B>11 their rights are violated. </B></div> <div> <B>12 SECTION 2. 16-3-102 (1), Colorado Revised Statutes, 1986 </B></div> <div> <B>13 Repl. Vol., is amended to read: </B></div> <div> <B>14 16-3-102. Arrest by peace officer. (1) A peace officer </B></div> <div> <B>15 may arrest a person when: </B></div> <div> <B>16 (a) <HE>THE PEACE OFFICER has THE ORIGINAL OR A COPY OF </B></div> <div> <B>17 a VALID warrant SIGNED BY THE JUDGE IN HIS OR HER POSSESSION OR </B></div> <div> <B>18 IN THE PEACE OFFICER'S OFFICE commanding that such person be </B></div> <div> <B>19 arrested, AND, PRIOR TO INCARCERATION, THE PEACE OFFICER SHALL </B></div> <div> <B>20 ALLOW INSPECTION OF THE WARRANT BY THE SUSPECT; or </B></div> <div> <B>21 (b) Any crime has been or is being committed by such </B></div> <div> <B>22 person in <HIS>THE PEACE OFFICER'S presence; or </B></div> <div> <B>23 (c) <HE>THE PEACE OFFICER has probable cause to believe </B></div> <div> <B>24 that an offense was committed and has probable cause to believe </B></div> <div> <B>25 that the offense was committed by the person to be arrested. </B></div> <div> <B>26 SECTION 3. Part 1 of article 3 of title 16, Colorado </B></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B>(page break in original) Page 3 </B></div> <div> <B>1 Revised Statutes, 1986 Repl. Vol., as amended, is amended BY THE </B></div> <div> <B>2 ADDITION OF A NEW SECTION to read: </B></div> <div> <B>3 16-3-11. Standards for arrest - civil liability for harm </B></div> <div> <B>4 caused by arrests conducted with an invalid arrest warrant or </B></div> <div> <B>5 in which excessive force is used. (1) IN EXECUTING AN ARREST, </B></div> <div> <B>6 PEACE OFFICERS SHALL USE ONLY SUCH REASONABLE AND NECESSARY </B></div> <div> <B>7 FORCE AS IS NEEDED TO APPREHEND THE SUSPECT UNDER THE </B></div> <div> <B>8 CIRCUMSTANCES INVOLVING THE CONTACT WITH THE SUSPECT. 9 (2) (a) IN ADDITION TO ANY CAUSE OF ACTION FOR A </B></div> <div> <B>10 VIOLATION OF CIVIL RIGHTS THAT MAY BE BROUGHT AGAINST A PEACE </B></div> <div> <B>11 OFFICER OR A PUBLIC ENTITY PURSUANT TO FEDERAL LAW, A PERSON </B></div> <div> <B>12 HAS A RIGHT OF ACTION AGAINST A PEACE OFFICER AND THE PUBLIC </B></div> <div> <B>13 ENTITY FOR WHOM THE PEACE OFFICER WAS ACTING FOR CIVIL DAMAGES </B></div> <div> <B>14 IN THE FOLLOWING CIRCUMSTANCES: </B></div> <div> <B>15 (I) THE PERSON WAS ARRESTED BY A PEACE OFFICER BASED UPON </B></div> <div> <B>16 AN INVALID ARREST WARRANT; </B></div> <div> <B>17 (II) THE PERSON WAS DETAINED BY A PEACE OFFICER ARRESTING </B></div> <div> <B>18 ANOTHER PERSON BASED UPON AN INVALID ARREST WARRANT; </B></div> <div> <B>19 (III) DURING THE ARREST OR DETENTION OF ANOTHER PERSON </B></div> <div> <B>20 DURING AN ARREST, REGARDLESS OF WHETHER THERE WAS A WARRANT, </B></div> <div> <B>21 THE PEACE OFFICER USED UNREASONABLE AND UNNECESSARY FORCE TO </B></div> <div> <B>22 APPREHEND AND ARREST OR DETAIN THE PERSON. </B></div> <div> <B>23 (b) DAMAGES AWARDED IN AN ACTION BROUGHT PURSUANT TO THIS </B></div> <div> <B>24 SECTION SHALL BE IN AN AMOUNT EQUAL TO: </B></div> <div> <B>25 (I) ANY ACTUAL DAMAGES SUSTAINED BY SUCH PERSON AS A </B></div> <div> <B>26 RESULT OF THE PEACE OFFICER'S ACTIONS; </B></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B>(Page break in original) Page 4 </B></div> <div> <B>1 (II) ANY ADDITIONAL DAMAGES THE COURT MAY ALLOW; </B></div> <div> <B>2 (III) IN THE CASE OF ANY SUCCESSFUL ACTION UNDER THIS </B></div> <div> <B>3 SECTION, THE COSTS OF THE ACTION, TOGETHER WITH SUCH REASONABLE </B></div> <div> <B>4 ATTORNEY FEES AS MAY BE DETERMINED BY THE COURT. </B></div> <div> <B>5 (3) THE AMOUNT OF DAMAGES AWARDED IN AN ACTION PURSUANT </B></div> <div> <B>6 TO PARAGRAPH (b) OF SUBSECTION (2) OF THIS SECTION SHALL NOT </B></div> <div> <B>7 EXCEED THE AMOUNT OF DAMAGES THAT MAY BE RECOVERED AGAINST A </B></div> <div> <B>8 PUBLIC ENTITY OR A PUBLIC EMPLOYEE PURSUANT TO THE "COLORADO </B></div> <div> <B>9 GOVERNMENTAL IMMUNITY ACT", ARTICLE 10 OF TITLE 24, C.R.S. </B></div> <div> <B>10 SECTION 4. 24-10-106 (1), Colorado Revised Statutes, 1988 </B></div> <div> <B>11 Repl. Vol., as amended, is amended BY THE ADDITION OF A NEW </B></div> <div> <B>12 PARAGRAPH to read: </B></div> <div> <B>13 24-10-106. Immunity and partial waiver. (1) A public </B></div> <div> <B>14 entity shall be immune from liability in all claims for injury </B></div> <div> <B>15 which lie in tort or could lie in tort regardless of whether </B></div> <div> <B>16 that may be the type of action or the form of relief chosen by </B></div> <div> <B>17 the claimant except as provided otherwise in this section. </B></div> <div> <B>18 Sovereign immunity is waived by a public entity in an action for </B></div> <div> <B>19 injuries resulting from: </B></div> <div> <B>20 (g) THE ACTIONS OF A PEACE OFFICER EMPLOYED BY A PUBLIC </B></div> <div> <B>21 ENTITY IN CARRYING OUT AN ARREST WARRANT, IF SUCH PEACE OFFICER </B></div> <div> <B>22 EXECUTES AN ARREST WARRANT THAT IS NOT VALID PURSUANT TO SECTION </B></div> <div> <B>23 16-3-102, C.R.S., OR IN MAKING AN ARREST OR DETAINING ANOTHER </B></div> <div> <B>24 PERSON DURING AN ARREST, REGARDLESS OF WHETHER THERE IS A </B></div> <div> <B>25 WARRANT, IF THE PEACE OFFICER USES UNREASONABLE AND UNNECESSARY </B></div> <div> <B>26 FORCE. </B></div> <div> <B>(Page break in original) Page 5 </B></div> <div> <B>1 SECTION 5. Safety clause. The general assembly hereby </B></div> <div> <B>2 finds, determines, and declares that this act is necessary for </B></div> <div> <B>3 the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, and </B></div> <div> <B>4 safety. </B></div> <bR> </td> </tr></table></body>